其他名称： Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR (EC 2.7.11.1) (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) (FRAP-related protein 1)
实测条带： 300kD
信号通路： Cell_Cycle_G1S;Cell_Cycle_G2M_DNA;p53;
功能： catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.,cofactor:Manganese.,disease:Defects in ATR are a cause of Seckel syndrome type 1 (SCKL1) [MIM:210600]. SCKL1 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth retardation, microcephaly with mental retardation, and a characteristic 'bird-headed' facial appearance.,enzyme regulation:Activated by DNA and inhibited by BCR-ABL oncogene. Slightly activated by ATRIP. Inhibited by caffeine, wortmannin and LY294002.,function:Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RPA2, SMC1 and TP53/p53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Required for FANCD2 ubiquitination. Critical for maintenance of fragile site stability and efficient regulation of centrosome duplication.,PTM:Phosphorylated; autophosphorylates in vitro.,similarity:Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. ATM subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 FAT domain.,similarity:Contains 1 FATC domain.,similarity:Contains 1 PI3K/PI4K domain.,similarity:Contains 2 HEAT repeats.,subcellular location:Depending on the cell type, it can also be found in PML nuclear bodies. Recruited to chromatin during S-phase. Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage, hypoxia or replication fork stalling.,subunit:Forms an heterodimer with ATRIP. Binds to DNA, and to UV-damaged DNA with higher affinity. Interacts with RAD17, MSH2 and HDAC2. Present in a complex containing ATRIP and RPA-coated single-stranded DNA. Present in a complex containing CHD4 and HDAC2. Interacts with BCR-ABL after genotoxic stress. Interacts with EEF1E1. This interaction is enhanced by UV irradiation. Interacts with CLSPN and CEP164.,tissue specificity:Ubiquitous, with highest expression in testis. Isoform 2 is found in pancreas, placenta and liver but not in heart, testis and ovary.,
相关产品： RS0001,RS0002,YM3028,YM3029
细胞定位： Nucleus . Chromosome . Depending on the cell type, it can also be found in PML nuclear bodies. Recruited to chromatin during S-phase. Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage, hypoxia or replication fork stalling.
组织表达： Ubiquitous, with highest expression in testis. Isoform 2 is found in pancreas, placenta and liver but not in heart, testis and ovary.
其他名称： Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR (EC 2.7.11.1) (Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) (FRAP-related protein 1)
实测条带： 300kD
信号通路： Cell_Cycle_G1S;Cell_Cycle_G2M_DNA;p53;
功能： catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.,cofactor:Manganese.,disease:Defects in ATR are a cause of Seckel syndrome type 1 (SCKL1) [MIM:210600]. SCKL1 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by growth retardation, microcephaly with mental retardation, and a characteristic 'bird-headed' facial appearance.,enzyme regulation:Activated by DNA and inhibited by BCR-ABL oncogene. Slightly activated by ATRIP. Inhibited by caffeine, wortmannin and LY294002.,function:Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RPA2, SMC1 and TP53/p53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Required for FANCD2 ubiquitination. Critical for maintenance of fragile site stability and efficient regulation of centrosome duplication.,PTM:Phosphorylated; autophosphorylates in vitro.,similarity:Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. ATM subfamily.,similarity:Contains 1 FAT domain.,similarity:Contains 1 FATC domain.,similarity:Contains 1 PI3K/PI4K domain.,similarity:Contains 2 HEAT repeats.,subcellular location:Depending on the cell type, it can also be found in PML nuclear bodies. Recruited to chromatin during S-phase. Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage, hypoxia or replication fork stalling.,subunit:Forms an heterodimer with ATRIP. Binds to DNA, and to UV-damaged DNA with higher affinity. Interacts with RAD17, MSH2 and HDAC2. Present in a complex containing ATRIP and RPA-coated single-stranded DNA. Present in a complex containing CHD4 and HDAC2. Interacts with BCR-ABL after genotoxic stress. Interacts with EEF1E1. This interaction is enhanced by UV irradiation. Interacts with CLSPN and CEP164.,tissue specificity:Ubiquitous, with highest expression in testis. Isoform 2 is found in pancreas, placenta and liver but not in heart, testis and ovary.,
相关产品： RS0001,RS0002,YM3028,YM3029
细胞定位： Nucleus . Chromosome . Depending on the cell type, it can also be found in PML nuclear bodies. Recruited to chromatin during S-phase. Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage, hypoxia or replication fork stalling.
组织表达： Ubiquitous, with highest expression in testis. Isoform 2 is found in pancreas, placenta and liver but not in heart, testis and ovary.
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